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DrugindexOnline2nd edition
All about: Clomiphene Citrate

Class: Ovulation stimulant
Trade Names:
Clomid
- Tablets 50 mg
Trade Names:
Milophene
- Tablets 50 mg
Trade Names:
Serophene
- Tablets 50 mg
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacology
Induces ovulation in selected anovulatory women.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Readily absorbed.
Elimination
About 42% is excreted in feces; about 8% is excreted in urine. May still be detectable in feces 6 wk after administration. May exhibit enterohepatic recycling.
Indications and Usage
Treatment of ovulatory failure in women desiring pregnancy when partner is fertile and potent.
Unlabeled Uses
Treatment of male infertility.
Contraindications
Liver disease; history of liver dysfunction; abnormal bleeding of undetermined origin; pregnancy.
Dosage and Administration
Initial TherapyPO 50 mg/day for 5 days.
Second and Third CoursesPO 100 mg/day for 5 days.
Drug Interactions
None well documented.
Laboratory Test Interactions
None well documented.
Adverse Reactions
Cardiovascular
Vasomotor flushes.
CNS
Headache, dizziness; lightheadedness.
EENT
Visual symptoms; blurring spots or flashes; diplopia; photophobia.
GI
Abdominal pain/discomfort; distension; bloating; nausea; vomiting.
Genitourinary
Abnormal uterine bleeding; abnormal ovarian enlargement, luteal cyst formation.
Hepatic
Sulfobromophthalein retention.
Miscellaneous
Breast tenderness.
Precautions
MonitorSide effectsNotify health care provider if patient experiences abdominal pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, visual changes, or jaundice. |
Pregnancy
Category X .
Lactation
Undetermined.
Multiple pregnancy
May increase chance for multiple pregnancies.
Ophthalmologic effects
May cause blurring of vision.
Patient Information
- Caution patient that this medication must not be taken during pregnancy or when pregnancy is possible. Advise patient to use reliable form of birth control while taking this drug.
- Counsel patient and partner in purpose of scheduling clomiphene citrate, sexual intercourse and ovulation time to be successful in achieving pregnancy.
- Advise women that increased midcycle ovarian discomfort may be experienced and can assist in planning intercourse.
- Instruct patient of importance of well-balanced diet, mild exercise routine, and avoidance of drugs, caffeine and alcohol while attempting to achieve pregnancy.
- Inform patient of possibility for multiple pregnancies.
- Explain that medication may cause dizziness, hot flashes, headache, nausea and weight gain but that these effects will subside after medication is stopped.
- Instruct patient to report these symptoms to health care provider: abnormal uterine bleeding, yellowish skin or eyes, blurred vision.
- Advise patient to use caution while driving or using heavy equipment because blurring of vision can occur.
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